The role of relationship regulation processes in family business succession

Lessons from a qualitative study

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2023.01.03

Keywords:

family firms, family relationships, qualitative research

Abstract

The present study applied a family science theoretical framework to examine the importance of the relationship regulation processes – including those of closeness, differentiation, reciprocity, emotions, and time perspectives – during family business succession. The authors present evidence on these associations based on the literature and the results of a qualitative study involving 27 members of 12 Hungarian family-owned SMEs. The results suggested that relationship regulation processes operate interconnectedly and at the systemic level. Moreover, they affect dynamic, non-linear negotiation processes between the incumbent and the potential successor(s) and, through this, succession outcomes. Several recommendations are made.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Viola Sallay, University of Szeged

assistant professor

Attila Wieszt, Corvinus University of Budapest

research fellow

Tamás Martos, University of Szeged

professor

References

Alderson, K. (2015). Conflict management and resolution in family-owned businesses: A practitioner focused review. Journal of Family Business Management, 5(2), 140–156. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-08-2015-0030

Bika, Z., Rosa, P., & Karakas, F. (2019). Multilayered Socialization Processes in Transgenerational Family Firms. Family Business Review, 32(3), 233–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486519827435

Björnberg, Å., & Nicholson, N. (2012). Emotional Ownership: The Next Generation’s Relationship With the Family Firm. Family Business Review, 25(4), 374–390. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486511432471

Bogdány E., Szépfalvi A., & Balogh Á. (2019). Hogyan tovább családi vállalkozások? Családi vállalkozások utódlási jellemzői és nehézségei. Vezetéstudomány, 50(2), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2019.02.06

Breton-Miller, I. L., & Miller, D. (2018). Looking Back at and Forward From: “Family Governance and Firm Performance: Agency, Stewardship, and Capabilities.” Family Business Review, 31(2), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486518773850

Cater, J. J., & Justis, R. T. (2009). The Development of Successors From Followers to Leaders in Small Family Firms: An Exploratory Study. Family Business Review, 22(2), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486508327822

Cater, J. J., Young, M., & Alderson, K. (2019). Contributions and constraints to continuity in Mexican-American family firms. Journal of Family Business Management, 9(2), 175–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-08-2018-0022

Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing Grounded Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153

Csizmadia T., & Bogdány E. (2013). Az utódlás és a kis- és középvállalkozások növekedésének kapcsolata. Vezetéstudomány, 44(6), 22–28.

Cunha, M. P., Soares Leitão, M. J., Clegg, S., HernándezLinares, R., Moasa, H., Randerson, K., & Rego, A. (2021). Cognition, emotion and action: Persistent sources of parent–offspring paradoxes in the family business. Journal of Family Business Management, 12(4), 729-749. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-11-2020-0104

Davis, P. S., & Harveston, P. D. (1999). In the Founder’s Shadow: Conflict in the Family Firm. Family Business Review, 12(4), 311–323. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1999.00311.x

Distelberg, B., & Sorenson, R. L. (2009). Updating Systems Concepts in Family Businesses: A Focus on Values, Resource Flows, and Adaptability. Family Business Review, 22(1), 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486508329115

Eddleston, K. A., & Kidwell, R. E. (2012). Parent-Child Relationships: Planting the Seeds of Deviant Behavior in the Family Firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(2), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00403.x

Farkas G., & Málovics É. (2021). A gondoskodó elmélet megjelenése a családi vállalkozásokban. Vezetéstudomány, 52(11), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2021.11.04

Filep J., & Szirmai P. (2016). A generációváltás kihívása a magyar KKV-szektorban. Vezetéstudomány, 37(6), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2006.06.02

Fitzsimons, G. M., Finkel, E. J., & vanDellen, M. R. (2015). Transactive goal dynamics. Psychological Review, 122(4), 648–673. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039654

Fivush, R., & Merrill, N. (2016). An ecological systems approach to family narratives. Memory Studies, 9(3), 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698016645264

Gagné, M., Marwick, C., Brun de Pontet, S., & Wrosch, C. (2019). Family Business Succession: What’s Motivation Got to Do With It? Family Business Review, 34(2), 154-167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486519894759

Habbershon, T. G., Williams, M., & MacMillan, I. C. (2003). A unified systems perspective of family firm performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(4), 451–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00053-3

Hanson, S. K., Hessel, H. M., & Danes, S. M. (2019). Relational processes in family entrepreneurial culture and resilience across generations. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 10(3), 100263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2018.11.001

Hedberg, L. M., & Luchak, A. A. (2018). Founder attachment style and its effects on socioemotional wealth objectives and HR system design. Human Resource Management Review, 28(1), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.05.004

Heinonen, J., & Ljunggren, E. (2020). It’s not all about the money: Narratives on emotions after a sudden death in family businesses. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 34(6), 661-683. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2020.1723351

Helin, J., & Jabri, M. (2016). Family business succession in dialogue: The case of differing backgrounds and views. International Small Business Journal, 34(4), 487–505. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242614567482

Holt, D. T., Pearson, A. W., Payne, G. T., & Sharma, P. (2018). Family Business Research as a Boundary-Spanning Platform. Family Business Review, 31(1), 14–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486518758712

Jaskiewicz, P., & Dyer, W. G. (2017). Addressing the Elephant in the Room: Disentangling Family Heterogeneity to Advance Family Business Research. Family Business Review, 30(2), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486517700469

Lambrecht, J., & Lievens, J. (2008). Pruning the Family Tree: An Unexplored Path to Family Business Continuity and Family Harmony. Family Business Review, 21(4), 295– 313. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865080210040103

Lang, F. R., Wagner, J., & Neyer, F. J. (2009). Interpersonal functioning across the lifespan: Two principles of relationship regulation. Advances in Life Course Research, 14(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2009.03.004

Lanz, M., Scabini, E., Tagliabue, S., & Morgano, A. (2015). How should family interdependence be studied? The methodological issues of non-independence. TPM – Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 2, 169–180. https://doi.org/10.4473/TPM22.2.1

Leiß, G., & Zehrer, A. (2018). Intergenerational communication in family firm succession. Journal of Family Business Management, 8(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-09-2017-0025

Malik, T. H. (2019). Founder’s Apprehension in Small Family Business Succession in Thailand: Interpretative View of the Situational Distance. SAGE Open, 9(4), 2158244019885135. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019885135

Marroquín, B., Tennen, H., & Stanton, A. L. (2017). Coping, Emotion Regulation, and Well-Being: Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Processes. In M. D. Robinson & M. Eid (Eds.), The Happy Mind: Cognitive Contributions to Well-Being (pp. 253–274). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58763-9_14

Martínez-Sanchis, P., Aragón-Amonarriz, C., & Iturrioz-Landart, C. (2020). How the Pygmalion Effect operates in intra-family succession: Shared expectations in family SMEs. European Management Journal, 38(6), 914–926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.04.005

Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2019). Attachment orientations and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology, 25, 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.02.006

Mitev Z. A. (2012). Grounded theory, a kvalitatív kutatás klasszikus mérföldköve. Vezetéstudomány, 43(1), 17-30.

Murphy, L., Huybrechts, J., & Lambrechts, F. (2019). The Origins and Development of Socioemotional Wealth Within Next-Generation Family Members: An Interpretive Grounded Theory Study. Family Business Review, 32(4), 396–424. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486519890775

Murphy, L., & Lambrechts, F. (2015). Investigating the actual career decisions of the next generation: The impact of family business involvement. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 6(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.10.003

Nábrádi, A., Bárány, L., & Tobak, J. (2016). Generációváltás a családi tulajdonú vállalkozásokban–Problémák, konfliktusok, kihívások, elméleti és gyakorlati megközelítés. Gazdálkodás: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics, 60(5), 427–461. https:// ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/258590/

Overall, N. C., Fletcher, G. J. O., & Simpson, J. A. (2006). Regulation processes in intimate relationships: The role of ideal standards. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 662–685. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.662

Qiu, H., & Freel, M. (2020). Managing Family-Related Conflicts in Family Businesses: A Review and Research Agenda. Family Business Review, 33(1), 90–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486519893223

Radu-Lefebvre, M., & Randerson, K. (2020). Successfully navigating the paradox of control and autonomy in succession: The role of managing ambivalent emotions. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 38(3), 184–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242619879078

Rompilla, D. B., Hittner, E. F., Stephens, J. E., Mauss, I., & Haase, C. M. (2021). Emotion regulation in the face of loss: How detachment, positive reappraisal, and acceptance shape experiences, physiology, and perceptions in late life. Emotion, 22(7), 1417-1434. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000932

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Press. Sallay V., & Martos T. (2018). A Grounded Theory (GT) módszertana. Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle, 73(1), 11–28. https://doi.org/10.1556/0016.2018.73.1.2

Sallay, V., Wieszt, A., Varga, S., & Martos, T. (2023). Balancing identity, construction, and rules: Family relationship negotiations during first-generation succession in family businesses. Manuscript, submitted for publication.

Schell, S., Wolff, S., & Moog, P. (2020). Contracts and communication among family members: Business succession from a contractual view. Journal of Small Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1816429

Simpson, J. A., Overall, N. C., Farrell, A. K., & Girme, Y. U. (2016). Regulation processes in romantic relationships. In K. D. Vohs & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Handbook of Self-Regulation: Research, Theory, and Applications (pp. 283–304). New York: Guilford Publications.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.

Tagiuri, R., & Davis, J. (1996). Bivalent Attributes of the Family Firm. Family Business Review, 9(2), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1996.00199.x

Umans, I., Lybaert, N., Steijvers, T., & Voordeckers, W. (2021). The influence of transgenerational succession intentions on the succession planning process: The moderating role of high-quality relationships. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(2), 100269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2018.12.002

von Schlippe, A., & Frank, H. (2013). The Theory of Social Systems as a Framework for Understanding Family Businesses: Theory of Social Systems and Family Businesses. Family Relations, 62(3), 384–398. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12010

von Schlippe, A., Rüsen, T. A., & Groth, T. (2021). Reinventing the Wheel! The Witten Model of Family Strategy Development. In A. von Schlippe, T. A. Rüsen, & T. Groth (Eds.), The Two Sides of the Business Family. Governance and Strategy Across Generations (pp. 189– 246). Cham: Springer.

Zaki, J., & Williams, W. C. (2013). Interpersonal emotion regulation. Emotion, 13(5), 803–810. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033839

Downloads

Published

2023-01-16

How to Cite

Sallay, V., Wieszt, A., & Martos, T. (2023). The role of relationship regulation processes in family business succession: Lessons from a qualitative study. Vezetéstudomány Budapest Management Review, 54(1), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2023.01.03

Issue

Section

Articles