A munkahelyi stressz feltárása a pénzügyi ágazatban dolgozók körében
Egy kitekintés a fejlődő gazdaságokból Addisz-Abebában, Etiópiában
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2024.05.02Kulcsszavak:
foglalkozási stressz, szerep kétértelműsége, szereptúlterhelés, társadalmi támogatás, foglalkozási kontrollAbsztrakt
A tanulmány célja a munkahelyi stresszorok szerepének elemzése a foglalkozási stressz szintjén. Leíró és magyarázó kutatási tervet készítettek a szerzők. A központi tendencia mérőszámaként egy átlagos skálát használtak a fennálló helyzet magyarázatára. Korrelációt és többszörös regressziót alkalmaztak a változók asszociációjának és a konstrukciók stressz-szint előrejelző képességének mérésére. A minta méretének meghatározásához véletlenszerű mintavételi technikát alkalmaztak. Főleg az elsődleges adatok gyűjtése egy strukturált kérdőíven keresztül történt. és a Google űrlapon keresztül online érték el az embereket. A foglalkozási stressz erős és jelentős összefüggést mutatott a stresszkonstrukciókkal. A konstrukciók kumulatív előrejelző képessége erősebb a szervezet foglalkozási stressz szintjén. A szociális támogatás és a munkakontroll fordítottan függ össze a foglalkozási stressz szintjével. A szerep kétértelműsége és a szereptúlterhelés azonban közvetlenül hat a foglalkozási stressz nagyságára.
Letöltések
Hivatkozások
Addae. H.M.. & Parboteeah. K.P. (2008). Role stressors and organizational commitment: public sector employment in St Lucia. International Journal of Manpower. 29(6). 567-582. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720810904220
Ahmad. A.. Hussain. A.. Saleem. M.Q.. Qureshi. M.A.. & Mufti. N.A. (2015). Workplace stress: a critical insight of causes. effects and interventions. Technical Journal. 20(II). 46-48. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Workplace-Stress-%3A-A-Critical-Insight-of-Causes-%2C-Ahmad-Hussain/4552df3dc0a-937dae2f2aa5e28d30561bae60e88
Ahmad. I.. Gul. R.. & Kashif. M. (2022). A Qualitative Study of Workplace Factors Causing Stress Among University Teachers and Coping Strategies A Qualitative Study of Workplace Factors. Human Arenas. 1-23. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42087-022-00302-w
Alexandros-Stamatios. G.A.. Marilyn. J.D.. & Cary. L.C. (2003). Occupational stress. job satisfaction and health state in male and female junior hospital doctors in Greece. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 18(6). 592-621. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940310494403
Altindag. O. (2020). Relationship between stress management and job performance in organizations. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science. 9(2). 43-49. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i2.636
Anupmaurya. (2022. September 25). Organizational behavior. https://www.businesspedia.in/stressdefinition-model-level-potential-stressors/#:~:text=Stress%20is%20the%20body’s%20reaction.releasing%20chemicals%20into%20the%20blood.
Australian Government Statutory Agency. (2022. October 7). Managing health and safety: Mental health. Safe Work Australia: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/safety-topic/managing-health-and-safety/mental-health/psychosocial-hazards
Badar. M.R. (2011). Factors Causing Stress and Impact on Job Performance: A Case Study of Banks of Bahawalpur. Pakistan. European Journal of Business and Management. 3(12). 9-17. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/717/625
Basit. A.. & Hassan. Z. (2017). Impact of job stress on employee performance. International Journal of Accounting and Business Management. 5(2). 13-33. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3125336
Beehr. T.A.. Walsh. J.T.. & Taber. T.D. (1976). Relationships of stress to individually and organizationally valued states: Higher order needs as a moderator. Journal of Applied Psychology. 61(1). 41-47. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.61.1.41
Birhanu. M.. Gebrekidan. B.. Tesefa. G.. & Tareke. M. (2018). Workload determines workplace stress among health professionals working in felege-hiwot referral Hospital. Bahir Dar. Northwest Ethiopia. Journal of Environmental and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6286010
Boschman. J.S.. Van der Molen. H.F.. Sluiter. J.K.. & Frings-Dresen. M.H. (2013). Psychosocial work environment and mental health among construction workers. Applied Ergonomics. 44(5). 748-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2013.01.004
Cappelli. P.. & Rogovsky. N. (1998). Employee involvement and organizational citizenship: Implications for labor law reform and “Lean production# x201D”. ILR Review. 51(4). 633-653. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979399805100405
Chang. E.. & Hancock. K. (2003). Role stress and role ambiguity in new nursing graduates in Australia. Nursing and Health Sciences. 5(2). 155–163. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2003.00147.x
Chu. C.I.. Hsu. H.M.. Price. J.L.. & Lee. J.Y. (2003). Job satisfaction of hospital nurses: an empirical test of a causal model in Taiwan. International Nursing Review. 50(3). 176-182. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-7657.2003.00165.x
Cohen. S.. & Hoberman. H.M. (1983). Positive events and social supports as buffers of life change stress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 13(2). 99-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1983.tb02325.x
Cohen. S.. & Wills. T.A. (1985). Stress. social support. and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin. 98(2). 310-357. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
Cutrona. C.E. (1984). Social support and stress in the transition to parenthood. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 93(4). 378–390. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.93.4.378
Dagget. T.. Molla. A.. & Belachew. T. (2016). Job related stress among nurses working in Jimma Zone public hospitals. South West Ethiopia: A cross sectional study. BMC Nursing. 15. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-016-0158-2
De Smet. P.S.. Dramaix. M.. Boulenguez. C.. De Backer. G.. Ferrario. M.. & Kornitzer. M. (2005). Gender and regional differences in perceived job stress across Europe. The European Journal of Public Health. 15(5). 536-545. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cki028
Doef. M.V.. & Maes. S. (1999). The Job Demand-Control(- Support) Model and psychological well-being: a review of 20 years of empirical research. Work and Stress. 13(2). 87-114. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/026783799296084
Eisenberger. R.. Stinglhamber. F.. Vandenberghe. C.. Sucharski. I.L.. & Rhoades. L. (2002). Perceived supervisor support: Contributions to perceived organizational support and employee retention. Journal of Applied Psychology. 87(3). 565-573. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.565
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. (2002). Working on Stress. Magazine 5. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. https://www.google.hu/url?sa=t&-source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=http://www.mentalhealthpromotion.net/resources/magazine5_en.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjroInF_dyFAxUg7AIHHU5DC1UQFnoECBAQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1JlWbx-8lvQT1cFcz6wWOC
Forastieri. V. (2013). Psychosocial risks and work-related stress. MEDICINAy SEGURIDAD Del Trabajo. 59(232). 297-301. https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2013000300001
Gharibi. V.. Mokarami. H.. Taban. A.. Aval. M.Y.. Samimi. K.. & Salesi. M. (2016). Effects of Work-Related Stress on Work Ability Index among Iranian Workers. Safety and Health at Work. 7(1). 43-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2015.10.005
Gilboa. S.. Shirom. A.. Fried. Y.. & Cooper. C. (2008). A meta‐analysis of work demand stressors and job performance: Examining main and moderating effects. Personnel Psychology. 61(2). 227-271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00113.x
Girma. B.. Nigussie. J.. Molla. A.. & Mareg. M. (2021). Occupational stress and associated factors among health care professionals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 21(1). 539. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10579-1
González-Romá. V.. & Lloret. S. (1998). Construct validity of Rizzo et al.’s (1970) Role Conflict and Ambiguity Scales: A multisample study. Applied Psychology: An international review. 47(4). 535-545. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1998.tb00042.x
Halbesleben. J.R. (2006). Sources of social support and burnout: A meta-analytic test of the conservation of resources model. Journal of Applied Psychology. 91(5). 1134. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1134
Hamdan-Mansour. A.M.. & Dawani. H.A. (2008). Social support and stress among university students in Jordan. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 6(3). 442-450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-007-9112-6
Hasen. A.A.. Seid. A.A.. & Mohammed. A.A. (2023). Anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 13(2). e070367. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070367
Hessels. J.. Rietveld. C.A.. & van der Zwan. P. (2017). Self-employment and work-related stress: The mediating role of job control and job demand. Journal of Business Venturing. 32(2). 178-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.10.007
Honda. A.. Abe. Y.. Date. Y.. & Honda. S. (2015). The impact of multiple roles on psychological distress among Japanese workers. Safety and Health at Work. 6(2). 114-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2014.12.004
Horan. K.A.. Moeller. M.T.. Singh. R.S.R.W.. O’Brien. W.H.. Matthews. R.A.. . . . Barratt. C.L. (2018). Supervisor support for stress management and intervention process. International Journal of Workplace Health Management. 11(4). 260-272. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-12-2017-0113
International Labour Office. (2016). Psychosocial risks. stress and violence in the world of work. International Journal of Labour Research. 8(1-2). https://webapps. ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---actrav/documents/publication/wcms_551796.pdf
Islam. S.. Rahman. M.A.. Reza. M.S.. & Rahman. M.M. (2014). Factors causing stress and impact on job performance: a case study on banks of Dinajpur. Bangladesh. Journal of Science and Technology. 12. 85-89. https://www.academia.edu/download/40895109/14_JST_13_16.pdf
Jackson. S.E.. & Schuler. R.S. (1985). A meta-analysis and conceptual critique of research on role ambiguity and role conflict in work settings. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 36(1). 16-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(85)90020-2
Jamal. M. (1984). Job stress and job performance controversy: An empirical assessment. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 33(1). 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(84)90009-6
Johnson. J.V.. & Hall. E.M. (1988). Job strain. work place social support. and cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study of a random sample of the Swedish working population. American Journal of Public Health. 78(10). 1336-1342. https://doi.org/10.2105%2Fajph.78.10.1336
Joseph. T.D. (2013). Work Related Stress. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences. 1(10). 73- 80. https://www.academia.edu/download/33123937/EJBSS-12-1195-_WORK_RELATED_STRESS.pdf
Kahn. R.L. (1964). Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. John Wiley.
Kahn. R.L.. & Quinn. R.P. (1970). Role stress: A framework for analysis In A. McLean (Ed.). Occupational Mental Health (pp. 50-115). Rand McNally.
Kalleberg. A.L.. Nesheim. T.. & Olsen. K.M. (2009). Is Participation Good or Bad for Workers? Effects of Autonomy. Consultation and Teamwork on Stress Among Workers in Norway. Acta Sociologica. 52(2). 99-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699309103999
Karasek. R.A.Jr. (1979). Job Demands. Job Decision Latitude. and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly. 24(2). 285-308. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392498
Kendal. E.. Murphy. P.. O’Neill. V.. & Bursnall. S. (2000). Occupational Stress: Factors that Contribute to its Occurrence and Effective Management. Western Australia: Workers’ Compensation and Rehabilitation Commision.
Khattak. M.A.. Quarat-ul-ain. & Iqbal. N. (2013). Impact of Role Ambiguity on Job Satisfaction. Mediating Role of Job Stress. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting. Finance and Management Sciences. 3(3). 28-39. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=381187923dfd557559eb2121bc38213636447574
Kim. H.. & Stoner. M. (2008). Burnout and turnover intention among social workers: Effects of role stress. job autonomy and social support. Administration in Social Work. 32(3). 5-25. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/03643100801922357
Kim. J.H. (2021). The Relationship between Employee’s Work-Related Stress and Work Ability based on Qualitative Literature Analysis. Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business. 12(7). 15-25.
Kuoppala. J.. Lamminpää. A.. Liira. J.. & Vainio. H. (2008). Leadership. job well-being. and health effects – a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 50(8). 904-915. https://doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e31817e918d
LaRocco. J.M.. House. J.S.. & French Jr. J.R. (1980). Social support. occupational stress. and health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 21(3). 202-218. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136616
Last. B.S.. Schriger. S.H.. Becker-Haimes. E.M.. Fernandez-Marcote. S.. Dallard. N.. Jones. B.. & Beidas. R.S. (2022). Economic precarity. financial strain. and job-related stress among Philadelphia’s public mental health clinicians. Psychiatric Services. 73(7). 774-786. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.202100276
Lazarus. R.S.. & Folkman. S. (1984). Stress. appraisal. and coping. Springer.
Lin. M.. & Ling. Q. (2018). Is role stress always harmful?- Differentiating role overload and role ambiguity in the challenge-hindrance stressors framework. Tourism Management. 68. 355-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.04.007
Lovibond. P.F.. & Lovibond. S.H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 33(3). 335-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u
Lukan. J.. Bolliger. L.. Pauwels. N.S.. Luštrek. M.. Bacquer. D.D.. & Clays. E. (2022). Work environment risk factors causing day-to-day stress in occupational settings: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 22(240). 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12354-8
Maslach. C.. & Leiter. M.P. (2008). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. John Wiley & Sons.
Mathews. A.. & MacLeod. C. (2002). Induced processing biases have causal effects on anxiety. Cognition & Emotion. 16(3). 331-354.. 16(3). 331-354. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/02699930143000518
McCormack. N.. & Cotter. C. (2013). Managing Burnout in the Workplace: A guide for information professionals. Elsevier Science & Technology.
Mengist. B.. Amha. H.. Ayenew. T.. Gedfew. M.. Akalu. T.Y.. Assemie. M.A.. . . . Desta. M. (2021). Occupational stress and burnout among health care workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation. 3(2). 100125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100125
Mirzaei. A.. Mozaffari. N.. & Aghil. H.S. (2022). Occupational stress and its relationship with spiritual coping among emergency department nurses and emergency medical services staff. International Emergency Nursing. 62. 101-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2022.101170
Murtaza. S.A.. & Molnár. E. (2021). Leader motivating language – The fuel for employee vitality. Hungarian Statistical Review. 4(2). 95-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.35618/hsr2021.02.en095
Nielsen. K.. & Randall. R. (2009). Managers’ active support when implementing teams: The impact on employee well‐being. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being. 1(3). 374-390. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01016.x
Nixon. A.E. (2011). Can work make you sick? A meta- analysis of the relationships between job stressors and physical symptoms. Work & Stress. 25(1). 1-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2011.569175
Nyanga. T.. Mudhovozi. P.. & Chireshe. R. (2017). Causes and Effects of Role Ambiguity as Perceived by Human Resource Management Professionals in Zimbabwe. Journal of Social Sciences. 30(3). 293-303. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2012.11893006
Pearson. L.C.. & Moomaw. W. (2005). The relationship between teacher autonomy and stress. work satisfaction. empowerment. and professionalism. Educational Research Quarterly. 29(1). 38-54.. 29(1). 38-54. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ718115
Phakthongsuk. P. (2009). Construct Validity of the Thai Version of the Job Content Questionnaire in a Large Population of Heterogeneous Occupations. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet. 92(4). 564–572. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24305467_Construct_validity_of_the_Thai_version_of_the_job_content_questionnaire_in_a_large_population_of_heterogeneous_occupations
Pines. A.. & Aronson. E. (1988). Career burnout: Causes and cures. Free Press.
Prince. A. (2018). The perils of job burnout. International Education and Research Journal. 4(7). 13-15. https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/1606/1616
Rafferty. Y.. Friend. R.. & Landsbergis. P.A. (2001). The association between job skill discretion. decision authorityand burnout. Work & Stress. 15(1). 73-85. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02678370120791
Ram. N.. Khoso. I.. Shah. A.A.. Chandio. F.R.. & Shaikih. F.M. (2011). Role conflict and role ambiguity as factors in work stress among managers: A case study of manufacturing sector in Pakistan. Asian Social Science. 7(2). 113-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v7n2p113
Rees. M.. Childs. D.Z.. & Freckleton. R.P. (2012). Assessing the role of competition and stress: A critique of importance indices and the development of a new approach. Journal of Ecology. 100(3). 577-585. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01946.x
Rehman. M. u.. Irum. R.. Tahir. N.. Ijaz. Z.. Noor. U.. & Salma. U. (2012). The Impact of Job Stress on Employee Job Satisfaction: A Study on Private Colleges of Pakistan. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly. 3(3). 50-56. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343382391_Impact_of_Job_Stress_on_Employees%27_Job_Satisfaction_An_Empirical_Study_of_Private_Banks_of_Pakistan
Rhodes. S.R.. & Steers. R.M. (1978). Summary Tables of Studies of Employee Absenteeism. University of Oregon. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA052992
Sales. S.M. (1969). Organizational Role as a Risk Factor in Coronary Disease. Administrative Science Quarterly. 14(3). 325-336. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391126
Seo. Y.. Ko. J.. & Price. J. L. (2004). The determinants of job satisfaction among hospital nurses: a model estimation in Korea. International journal of nursing studies. 41(4). 437-446.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2003.11.003 Shah. A.M.. & E. Molnár (2021). Leader motivating language – The fuel for employee vitality. Hungarian Statistical Review. 4(2). 95-110. https://doi.org/10.35618/hsr2021.02.en095
Sinclair. R.R.. & Cheung. J.H. (2016). Money matters: Recommendations for financial stress research in occupational health psychology. Stress and Health. 32(3). 181-193. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2688
Skakon. J.. Nielsen. K.. Borg. V.. & Guzman. J. (2010). Are leaders’ well-being. behaviours and style associated with the affective well-being of their employees? A systematic review of three decades of research. Work & Stress. 24(2). 107-139. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2010.495262
Steers. R.M.. Mowday. R.T.. Krackhardt. D.. McKenna. J.. & Porter. L.W. (1978). Goal-Setting. Supervisory Behavior. and Employee Turnover: A Field Experiment. University of Oregon. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA062965
Szymanski. E.M. (1999). Disability. Job Stress. the Changing Nature of Careers. and the Career Resilience Portfolio. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin. 42(4). 279- 89. Thoits. P. A. (1986). Social support as coping assistance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 54(4). 416-423. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-006X.54.4.416
Viswesvaran. C.. Sanchez. J.I.. & Fisher. J. (1999). The role of social support in the process of work stress: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 54(2). 314-334. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1998.1661
Wadhera. T.. & Bano. S. (2020). The Role of Workplace Spirituality and Emotional Stability in Occupational Stress Among College Teachers. IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior. 19(3). 41-67. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3810559
Wallace. J.C.. Edwards. B.D.. Arnold. T.. Frazier. M.L.. & Finch. D.M. (2009). Work stressors. role-based performance. and the moderating influence of organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology. 94(1). 254-262. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013090
Wang. X.. Cai. L.. Qian. J.. & Peng. J. (2014). Social support moderates stress effects on depression. International Journal of Mental Health Systems. 8(1). 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-8-41
Warr. P. B. (1990). Decision latitude. job demands. and employee well-being. Work & Stress. 4(4). 285-294. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/02678379008256991
World Health Organization. (2020. April 29). Doing What Matters in Times of Stress: An Illustrated Guide. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240003927?gclid=Cj0KCQjw166aBhDEARIsAMEyZh739xtb-9DtyvxaqNrsXGUdXc7BmCEsVnjZ_IVX2yGF_5h-HyDyvUHjMaAu7REALw_wcB
Yongkang. Z.. Weixi. Z.. Yalin. H.. Yipeng. X.. & Liu. T. (2014). The relationship among role conflict. role ambiguity. role overload and job stress of Chinese middle- level cadres. Chinese Studies. 3(1). 8-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/chnstd.2014.31003
Yoon. K.L.. Shaffer. V.. & Benedict. A. (2020). Resolving ambiguity: Negative interpretation biases. Cognitive Biases in Health and Psychiatric Disorders. 119-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816660-4.00006-4
Yunita. P.I.. & Saputra. I.G. (2019). Millennial generation in accepting mutations: Impact on work stress and employee performance. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 3(1). 102-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.29332/ijssh.v3n1.268
Downloads
Megjelent
Hogyan kell idézni
Folyóirat szám
Rovat
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Vezetéstudomány / Budapest Management Review
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors assign copyright to Vezetéstudomány / Budapest Management Review. Authors are responsible for permission to reproduce copyright material from other sources.
