A pszichológiai szerződés szakirodalmi összefoglalója

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2020.10.04

Keywords:

psychological contract, employer-employee relationship, workcontract

Abstract

In organisational research, examining the employer-employee relationship is a popular subject. The relationship is also explored with the psychological contract theory. The author presents a theory with its central themes and places it within a social perspective to suggest a more exact measure. The study is a theoretical summary. Its aim is to introduce and present the theory in the Hungarian literature. Presenting the most cited works, the focus is on a review of methodological views reflecting on the construct. The construct and its theories can be approached by social, psychological, and sociological aspects, in which we emphasise the psychological one. The construct bearing paradox can be resolved. For application, attachment theory is recommended. By understanding and reviewing the theory, more exact research designs can be planned improving the validity of results. If comparative studies can be built by it, a standard measure of the construct would be possible.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Mónika Gubányi, Semmelweis University

PhD student

References

Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in Social Exchange. In Berkowitz, L. (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (pp. 267-299). New York: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2

Adams, I.S., & Freedman, S. (1976). Equity Theory Revisited; Comments and Annotated Bibliography. In Berkowitz L., Walster, E. (Eds.), Adtonces in Experimental Social Psychology (pp. 43-90). New York: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60058-1

Argyris, C. (1960). Understanding Organizational Behavior. Homewood: Dorsey Press.

Baker, H. (1985). The unwritten contract: job perceptions. Personnel Journal, 64, 36–41.

Baker, G., Gibbons, R., & Murphy, K. (1994). Subjective performance measures in optimal incentive contracts. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4). 1125–1156. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118358

Baker, G., Gibbons, R., & Murphy, K. (2002). Relational contracts and the theory of the firm. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(1), 39–84. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355302753399445

Baruch, Y., & Rousseau, D. (2019). Integrating psychological contracts and ecosystems in career studies and management. Academy of Management Annals, 13 (1), 84–111. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0103

Berne, E. (1966). Principles of Group Treatment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York, NY: Wiley.

Bunderson, J.S. (2001). How work ideologies shape the psychological contracts of professional employees: Doctor’s responses to perceived breach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22(7), 717–741. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.112

Boxall, P., & Purcell, J. (2003). Strategy and Human Resource Management. Basingstoke: Palgrave

Macmillan. Cameron, J., & Pierce, D. (1999). Effects of reward on intrinsic motivation-Negative, neutral, and positive: Comment on Deci, Koestner, and Ryan. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 677–691. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.677

Conway, N., & Briner, R. (2002). A daily diary study of affective responses to psychological contract breach and exceeded promises. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 23, 287–302. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.139

Conway, N., & Briner, R. (2005). Understanding Psychological Contracts at Work – A Critical Evaluation of Theory and Research. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Cooke, F., Hebson, G., & Carroll, M. (2004). Commitment and Identity Across Organizational Boundaries. In Marchington, M., Grimshaw, D., Rubery, J., & Willmott, H. (Eds.), Fragmenting Work: Blurring Organizational Boundaries and Disordering Hierarchies (pp. 179-198). Oxford: Oxford University Press

Coyle-Shapiro, J., & Kessler, I. (2002). Exploring reciprocity through the lens of the psychological contract: employee and employer perspectives. European Journal of Work Organisational Psychology, 11(1), 69–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320143000852

Coyle-Shapiro, J., Costa, S., Doden, W., & Chang C. (2019). Psychological contracts: past, present, and future. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6 (1), 145–169. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012218-015212

Cullinane, N., & Dundon, T. (2006). The psychological contract: a critical review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 8(2), 113–129. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2006.00123.x

De Ruiter, M., Schalk, R., & Blomme, R.-J. (2016). Manager responses to employee dissent about psychological contract breach: a dyadic process approach. Management Communication Quarterly, 30(2), 188–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318915623238

Dries, N., De Gieter, S. (2014). Information asymmetry in high potential programs: A potential risk for psychological contract breach. Personnel Review, 43(1), 136–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2011-0174

Dunlop, J. (1958). Industrial Relations Systems. New York, NY: Holt & Co.

Farnese, M.L., Livi, S., Barbieri, B., & Schalk, R. (2018). You can see how things will end by the way they begin: The contribution of early mutual obligations for the development of the psychological contract. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 543. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00543

Freese, C., & Schalk, R. (1997). Tilburgse Psychologisch Contract Vragenlijst [Tilburg Psychological Contract Questionnaire]. Tilburg: Tilburg University.

Freese, C., & Schalk, R. (2008). How to measure the psychological contract? A critical criteria-based review of measures. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 269–286. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630803800202

Fromm, E. (2010). Utak egy egészséges társadalom felé. Budapest: Napvilág Kiadó.

Gibbard, K., Griep, Y., De Cooman, R., Hoffart, G., Onen, D., & Zareipour, H. (2017). One big happy family? Unraveling the relationship between shared perceptions of team psychological contracts, person-team fit and team performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01966

Gibson, R. (1966). Toward a conceptualization of absence behavior of personnel in organization. Administrative Science Quarterly, 11(1), 107–133. https://doi.org/ 10.2307/2391396

Griep, Y., Vantilborgh, T., Baillien, E., & Pepermans, R. (2016). The mitigating role of leader-member exchange when perceiving psychological contract violation: a diary survey study among volunteers. European Journal of Work Organisational Psychology, 25(2), 254–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2015.1046048

Guest, D.E. (1998a). Is the psychological contract worth taking seriously? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 49–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(1998)19:1+<649::AID-JOB970>3.0.CO;2-T

Guest, D.E. (1998b). On meaning, metaphor and the psychological contract: A response to Rousseau (1998). Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(special issue), 673–677. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3100283

Guest, D.E., & Conway, N. (1998). Fairness at Work and The Psychological Contract. London: Institute of Personnel and Development.

Guest, D.E., & Conway, N. (2002). Communicating the psychological contract: an employer perspective. Human Resource Management Journal, 12(2), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2002.tb00062.x

Guest, D.E. (2004). The psychology of the employment relationship: an analysis based on the psychological contract. Applied Psychology, 53(4), 541–555. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00187.x

Harms, P.D. (2011). Adult attachment styles in the workplace. Human Resource Management Review, 21(4), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.10.006

Henderson, D.J., Wayne, S.J., Shore, L.M., Bommer, W.H., & Tetrick, L.E. (2008). Leader-member exchange, differentiation, and psychological contract fulfillment: A multilevel examination. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1208–1219. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012678

Heidrich, B. (2013). Alkalmazottak vezetése. Retrieved from https://www.tankonyvtar.hu/hu/tartalom/tamop412A/0007_e6_alkalmazotti_vezetes_scorm/pszichologiai_szerzodes_sP53RFmnOM6GXJT2.html

Herriot, P., & Pemberton, C. (1997). Facilitating new deals. Human Resource Management Journal, 7(1), 45–56.

Herriot, P., Manning, W.E.G., & Kidd, J.M. (1997). The content of the psychological contract. British Journal of Management, 8(2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.0047

Hill, R.T., Morganson, V.J., Matthews, R. A., & Atkinson, T. P. (2016). LMX, breach perceptions, work-family conflict, and well-being: a mediational model. The Journal of Psychology, 150(1), 132–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2015.1014307

Jardat, R. (2012). Denise versus Jean‐Jacques: Homonymies, homologies and tectonic faults between psychological contract and social contract. Society and Business Review, 7(1), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/17465681211195779

Jiang, H., Chen, Y., Sun, P., & Yang, J. (2017). The relationship between authoritarian leadership and employees’ deviant workplace behaviors: the mediating effects of psychological contract violation and organizational cynicism. Frontier in Psychology, 8, 732. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00732

Kaulio, M. (2013). A psychological contract perspective on R&D alliance projects: Learning from a close-tofailing case. No 2013/3, INDEK Working Paper Series, Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Industrial Economics and Management. Retrieved from https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hhs:kthind:2013_003

Kong, D.T., & Jolly, P.M. (2018). A stress model of psychological contract violation among ethnic minority employees. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology. 25(3), 424–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000235

Koskina, A. (2013). What does the student psychological contract mean? Evidence from a UK business school. Studies in Higher Education, 38(7), 1020–1036. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.618945

Kotter, J.P. (1973). The psychological contract: managing the joining-up process. California Management Review, 15(3), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/41164442

Laulié, L., & Tekleab, A.G. (2016). A multi-level theory of psychological contract fulfillment in teams. Group & Organization Management, 41(5), 658–698. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601116668972

Lester, S.W., Turnley, W.H., Bloodgood, J.M., & Bolino, .C. (2002). Not seeing eye to eye: differences in supervisor and subordinate perceptions of and attributions for psychological contract breach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.126

Levinson, H., Price, C., Munden, K., Mandl, H., & Solley, C. (1962). Men, Management and Mental Health. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Lewin, K. (1972). A mezőelmélet a társadalomtudományban: válogatott elméleti tanulmányok. Budapest: Gondolat Kiadó.

Li, S., & Chen, Y. (2018). The relationship between psychological contract breach and employees’ counterproductive work behaviors: the mediating effect of organizational cynicism and work alienation. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01273

Liang, H.-L. (2019). Are emotions transmitted from work to family? A crossover model of psychological contract breach. Psychological Reports, 122(1), 288–304. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117750630

Maine, H.S. (1906). Ancient Law. London: John Murray. Mccabe, T., & Sambrook, S. (2013). Psychological contracts and commitment amongst nurses and nurse managers: A discourse analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(7), 954–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.012

Macneil, I. (1985). Relational contract what we do and do not know. Wisconsin Law Review, 4, 483–526. M asterson, S .S., & S tamper, C .L. (2003). Perceived organizational membership: an aggregate framework representing the employee–organization relationship. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 473–490. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.203

Menninger, W.C., & Levinson, H. (1954). Industrial mental health: some observations and trends. Menninger Quarterly, 8(4), 1–31. Menninger, K. (1958). Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique. New York: Basic Books, Inc.

Millward, L.J., & Hopkins, L.J. (1998). Psychological contracts, organizational and job commitment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(16), 1530–1556. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01689.x

Morrison, E., & Robinson, S. (1997). When employees feel betrayed: a model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of Management Review, 22(1), 226–256. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1997.9707180265

Nicholson, N., & Johns, G. (1985). The absence culture and psychological contract-who’s in control of absence? Academy of Management Review, 10(3), 397–407. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1985.4278945

Niesen, W., Van Hootegem, A., Vander Elst, T., Battistelli, A., & De Witte, H. (2018). Job insecurity and innovative work behaviour: A psychological contract perspective. Psychologica Belgica, 57(4), 174–189. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.381

O’Meara, K., Bennett, J.C., & Neihaus, E. (2016). Left Unsaid: The Role of Work Expectations and Psychological Contracts in Faculty Careers and Departure. The Review of Higher Education, 39(2), 269–297. https://doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2016.0007

Portwood, J., & Miller, E. (1976). Evaluating the psychological contract: its implications for employee job satisfaction and work behavior. Academy of Management Proceedings, vol. 1976 (1), 109–113. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1976.4975635

Psycones (2005). Retrieved from www.uv.es~psycon

Ramamoorthy, N., Flood, P., Slatter, T., & Sardessai, R. (2005). Determinants of innovative work behavior: development and test of an integrated model. Creativity and Innovation, 14(2), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2005.00334.x

Robinson, S. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(4), 574–599. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393868

Robinson, S., & Rousseau, D. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(3), 245–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150306

Rosen, S. (1985). Implicit contracts: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 23(3), 144–175. https://doi.org/10.3386/w1635

Rousseau, D. (1989). Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2, 121–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01384942

Rousseau, D. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer’s obligations: a study of psychological contracts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 389–400. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030110506

Rousseau, D., Wade-Benzoni, K. (1994). Linking strategy and human resource practices: How employee and customer contracts are created. Human Resource Management, 33(3), 463-489. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930330312

Rousseau, D. (1995). Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Rousseau, D., & Tijoriwala, S.A. (1998). Assessing psychological contracts: issues, alternatives and measures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(51), 679–695. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(1998)19:1+<679::AID-JOB971>3.0.CO;2-N

Rousseau, D. (2000). Psychological Contract Inventory (Technical Report). Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University.

Schein, E.H. (1965, 1988). Organizational Psychology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Schein, E.H. (1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Schmidt, G. (2016). How adult attachment styles relate to perceived psychological contract breach and affective organizational commitment. Employee Responsibility and Rights Journal, 28, 147–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-016-9278-9

Sels, L., Janssens, M., & Van Den Brande, I. (2004). Assessing the nature of psychological contracts: a validation of six dimensions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(4), 461–488. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.250

Semjén, A. (2017). Az adózói magatartás különféle magyarázatai. Közgazdasági Szemle, 64(2), 140-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.18414/KSZ.2017.2.140

Shore, L., & Barksdale, K. (1998). Examining degree of balance and level of obligation in the employment relationship: a social exchange approach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(51), 731–744. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(1998)19:1+<731::AIDJOB969>3.0.CO;2-P

Tabor, J., Griep, Y., Collins, R., & Mychasiuk, R. (2018). Investigating the neurological correlates of workplace deviance using a rodent model of extinction. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 17316. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35748-y

Tekleab, A.G., & Taylor, M.S. (2003). Aren’t there two parties in an employment relationship? Antecedents and consequences of organization-employee agreement on contract obligations and violations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 585–608. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.204

Thomas, D., Fitzsimmons, S., Ravlin, E., Au, K., Ekelund, B., & Barzantny, C. (2010). Psychological contracts across cultures. Organization Studies, 31(11), 1437–1458. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840610380811

Thompson, J., & Bunderson, J. (2003). Violations of principle: Ideological currency in the psychological contract. The Academy of Management Review, 28(4), 571–586. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2003.10899381

Topa, G., & Jurado-Del Pozo, J.F. (2018). Emotional exhaustion and health complaints as indicators of occupational diseases among civil servants in Spain. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7(12), 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7120523

Tsui, A., Pearce, J., Porter, L., & Tripoli, A. (1997). Alternative approaches to the employee-organization relationship: does investment in employees pay off? The Academy of Management Journal, 40(5), 1089– 1121. https://doi.org/10.5465/256928

Turnley, W., & Feldman, D. (1999). The impact of psychological contract violations on exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect. Human Relations, 52(7), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679905200703

Van Den Brande, I., Sels, L., Janssens, M., & Overlaet, R. (2002). Assessing the Nature of Psychological Contracts: Conceptualization and Measurement. DTEW Research Report 0241. 1–32. Retrieved from https://lirias.kuleuven.be/1766148?limo=0

Van Der Heijde, C., & Van Der Heijden, B. (2006). A competence-based and multidimensional operationalization and measurement of employability. Human Resource Management, 45(3), 449–476. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20119

Weber, M. (1995). A protestáns etika és a kapitalizmus szelleme. Budapest: Cserépfalvi Könyvkiadó.

Weick, K. E. (1979). The Social Psychology of Organizing. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Wilkens, U., & Nermerich, D. (2011). Love it, change it, or leave it - Understanding highly-skilled flexible workers’ job satisfaction from a psychological contract perspective. Management Revue, 22(1), 65-83. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/41783671

Yang, T., & Wu, Y. (2018). A study on the influence of patient participation on patient trust-based on sample survey in China. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2189. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02189

Zagenczyk, T., Gibney, R., Kiewitz, C., & Restubog, S.L. (2009). Mentors, supervisors and role models: do they reduce the effects of psychological contract breach? Human Resource Management Journal, 19(3), 237–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2009.00097.x

Zagenczyk, T., Cruz, K., Cheung, J., Scott, K., Kiewitz, C., & Galloway, B. (2015). The moderating effect of power distance on employee responses to psychological contract breach. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(6), 853-865. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2014.961432

Zagenczyk, T., Smallfield, J., Scott, K., Galloway, B., & Purvis, R. (2017). The moderating effect of psychological contract violation on the relationship between narcissism and outcomes: An application of trait activation theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1113. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01113

Zhao, H., Wayne, S., Glibkowski, B., & Bravo, J. (2007). The impact of psychological contract breach on work-related outcomes: a meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 647–680. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00087.x

Downloads

Published

2020-10-06

How to Cite

Gubányi, M. (2020). A pszichológiai szerződés szakirodalmi összefoglalója. Vezetéstudomány Budapest Management Review, 51(10), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.14267/VEZTUD.2020.10.04

Issue

Section

Articles