Analysing the tourism career perspectives under the shadow of Covid19 – the perceptions of Tourism and Management MSc students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2021v21n4.2Keywords:
Covid19, work orientation, career perspectivesAbstract
The aim of the research is to investigate the career perspectives of the Tourism and Management MSc students in the tourism sector, which was impacted by the Covid19 pandemic. Additionally, our goal was to analyse the differences between the perceptions of the first year and senior MSc students, concentrating on work orientation and working conditions – and to gain information about their past professional experience as well as their future plans. Three focus group interviews were held, concentrating on the research goals. First year Master students’ opinions were more positive than those of senior Master students towards tourism jobs. The most important motivational factors are financial rewards and professional appreciation as well as the challenges, variable tasks and flexible schedule. Students seem to be fond of the tourism profession, they have a positive inclination to tourism jobs. The results also show that first year MSc students are more dedicated to tourism jobs, although they are also concerned about the effect of the pandemic, whilst senior MSc students are doubtful about working in tourism.
References
AIGBEDO, H. (2021): The impact of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry: A supply chain resilience perspectives. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103012
AIREY, D. – FRONTISTIS, A. (1997): Attitudes to careers in tourism: an Anglo Greek compari¬son. Tourism Management. 18(3). pp. 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(96)00116-1
AKGUNDUZ, Y. – ALKAN, C. – GÖK, Ö. (2018): Perceived organizational support, employee cre¬ativity and proactive personality: The mediating effect of meaning of work. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 34. pp. 105–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.01.004
ARNOUX-NICOLAS, C. – SOVET, L. – BERNAUD, J. (2017): Development and validation of the meaning of work inventory among French workers. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance. 17. pp. 165–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-016-9323-0
COLLINS-KREINER, N. – RAM, Y. (2021): National tourism strategies during the Covid-19 pan¬demic. Annals of Tourism Research. 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103076
FARMAKI, A. (2018): Tourism and hospitality in¬ternships: A prologue to career intentions? Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education. 23. pp. 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2018.06.002
FELKAI P. (2021): Hogyan utazzunk a COVID járvány után? Turizmus Bulletin. 21(1). pp. 44–48. https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2021v21n1.5
FILIMONAU, V. – DERQUI, B. – MATUTE, J. (2020): The COVID-19 pandemic and organisational com-mitment of senior hotel managers. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102659
FORMÁDI, K. (2008): From Health to Tourism: Being mobile in the Wellness Sector. In: Kuhlmann, E. – Saks, M. (eds): Rethinking pro¬fessional governance: International directions in health care. The Policy Press, Bristol. pp. 187–201.
FORMÁDI, K. – RAFFAI, CS. (2009): New Professionalism in the Event Sector and its Impact in Hungary. In: Baum, T. – Smith, K. – Lockstone, L. (eds): People and Work in Events and Conventions. A Research Perspectives. CABI Publication, London. pp. 75–92.
FOTIADIS, A. – POLYZOS, S. – HUAN, T. C. (2021): The good, the bad and the ugly on COVID-19 tourism recovery. Annals of Tourism Research. 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103117
GETZ, D. (1994): Students’ work experiences, per¬ceptions and attitudes towards careers in hos¬pitality and tourism: a longitudinal case study in Spey Valley, Scotland. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 13(1). pp. 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759403300285
GOLDTHORPE, J. H. – LOCKWOOD, D. – BECHHOFER, F. – PLATT, J. (1968): The Affluent Worker: Industrial Attitudes and Behaviour. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
GUERRIER, Y. (1987): Hotel managers’ careers and their impact on hotels in Britain. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 6(3). pp. 121– 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(89)90018-2
HARPAZ, I. – HONIG, B. – COETSIER, P. (2002): A cross-cultural longitudinal analysis of the meaning of work and the socialization process of career starters. Journal of World Business. 37(4). pp. 230–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9516(02)00090-1
JOPPE, M. (2012): Migrant workers: Challenges and opportunities in addressing tourism la¬bour shortages. Tourism management. 33(3). pp. 662–671. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TOURMAN.2011.07.009
JUNG, H. – YOON, H. (2016): What does work meaning to hospitality employees? The effects of meaningful work on employees’ organiza¬tional commitment: The mediating role of job engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 53. pp. 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.004
KIM, S. – JUNG, J. – WANG, K. C. (2016): Hospitality and tourism management students’ study and career preferences: Comparison of three Asian regional groups. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education. 19. pp. 66–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2016.05.002
LIN, M.-Y. – CHIANG, C.-F. – WU, K.-P. (2018): How Hospitality and Tourism Students Choose Careers: Influences of Employer Branding and Applicants’ Customer Orientation. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education. 30(4). pp. 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2018.1480377
LIN, P. M. C. – AU, W. C. – LEUNG, W. T. Y. – PENG, K.-L. (2020): Exploring the meaning of work within the sharing economy: A case of food-delivery workers. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102686
LIPS-WIERSMA, M. – WRIGHT, S. (2012): Measuring the Meaning of Meaningful Work: Development and Validation of the Comprehensive Meaningful Work Scale (CMWS). Group & Organization Management. 37(5). pp. 655–685. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601112461578
LOCKE, E. A. (1984): Job Satisfaction. In: Gruenberg, M. – Wall, T. (eds): Social Psychology and Organizational Behavior. London: Wiley.
RAMAKRISHNANA, S. – MACAVEIU, C. (2019): Understanding aspirations in tourism students. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 39. pp. 40–48.
RASHEED, M. I. – OKUMUS, F. – WENG, Q. D. – HAMEED, Z. – NAWAZ, M. S. (2020): Career adaptability and employee turnover intentions: The role of perceived career opportunities and orientation to happiness in the hospitali¬ty industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 44. pp. 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.05.006
REED, K. (1997): Orientations to work: the cultur¬al conditioning of motivation. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology. 33(3). pp. 364–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/144078339703300306
RICHARDSON, S. (2009): Undergraduates’ per¬ceptions of tourism and hospitality as a ca¬reer choice. International Journal of Hospitality Management. 28(3). pp. 382–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.10.006
RICHARDSON, S. – THOMAS, N. J. (2012): Utilising Generation Y: United States Hospitality and Tourism Students’ Perceptions of Careers in the Industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 19(1). pp. 102–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/jht.2012.12
SHARMA, G. D. – THOMAS, A. – PAUL, J. (2021): Reviving tourism industry post- COVID-19: A resilience-based framework. Tourism Management Perspectives. 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100786
SIGALA, M. (2020): Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research. 117. pp. 312–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.015
U UR, N. G. – AKBIYIK, A. (2020): Impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism indus¬try: A cross-regional comparison. Tourism Management Perspectives. 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100744
WATSON, T. (1995): Sociology of Work and Industry. London: Routledge.
ZHANG, H. – SONG, H. – LONG W. – LIU, C. (2020): Forecasting tourism recovery amid COVID-19. Annals of Tourism Research. 87. 103149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103149
Internetes források
KSH (2020): A turizmus és vendéglátás fontosabb adatai. https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/tur/hu/tur0001.html, Letöltve: 2021. június 24.
MTÜ (2017a): Budapest vendégforgalma. https://mtu.gov.hu/documents/prod/Budapest_vendegforgalma_2017_3.pdf, Letöltve: 2021. június 24.
MTÜ (2017b): Magyarország legnépszerűbb települései. https://mtu.gov.hu/documents/prod/Magyarorszag_legnepszerubb_telepulesei_2017.pdf, Letöltve: 2021. június 24.
MTÜ (2019): A turizmus eredményei Magyarországon. https://mtu.gov.hu/cikkek/a-turizmus-eredmenyei-magyarorszagon, Letöltve: 2021. június 24.
OECD (2020): OECD Employment Outlook 2020 – Worker security and the COVID-19 Crisis. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/1686c758-en/1/1/index.html?itemId=/content/publication/1686c758-en&_csp_=fc80786ea6a3a7b4628d3f05b1e2e5d7&itemIGO=oecd&itemContentType=book, Letöltve: 2021. június 24.
TURIZMUS ONLINE (2019): Hátráltatja a turizmust a munkaerőhiány. http://turizmusonline.hu/ bel fold/cikk/hatraltat ja_a_turizmust_a_ munkaerohiany, Letöltve: 2021. szeptember 5.
TURIZMUS.COM (2021a): Krónikus munkaerőhiányt vizionálnak a szálloda- és vendéglátóiparban. https://turizmus.com/szallashely-vendeglatas/kronikus-munkaerohiany-sujthatja-a-jovoben-a-vendeglato-es-szallodaipart-1174030, Letöltve: 2021. augusztus 24.
UNWTO (2020): World Tourism Barometer 2020. https://www.unwto.org/world- tourism-barometer-n18-january-2020, Letöltve: 2021. június 26.
TURIZMUS.COM (2021b): A szállodák 25-30 százaléka nyithat hétvégén – interjú Baldauf Csabával. https://turizmus.com/szallashely-vendeglatas/szallodak-nyitas-hetvegen-baldauf-csaba-1174634, Letöltve: 2021. augusztus 24
