Digital nomads – a current buzzword or tomorrow’s tourists?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2023v23n3.2Keywords:
digital nomads, remote work, lifestyle mobility, postmodern tourismAbstract
The Covid19 pandemic is seen as a driver of novel work arrangements including remote work styles which stimulated interest in experiencing a new digitally enabled nomadic lifestyle. Digital nomads challenge the dichotomous view of traditional work and leisure domains by promoting an ideal lifestyle. They work while travelling and travel while working, combining profit and fun. The question therefore arises whether this group can be considered as a significant tourist segment in the future or only as a trend-setting buzzword. This study aims at positioning digital nomadism in the field of tourism, thereby providing a comprehensive perspective for establishing the phenomenon as a research category in the Hungarian academic literature, and raising the practitioners’ interest by displaying the opportunities that digital nomads, as a post-pandemic tourist segment, mean for them.
References
BARFIELD, T. (1993): The Nomadic Alternative. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.
BAUMAN, Z. (2000): Liquid Modernity. Polity Press, Cambridge.
BONNEAU, C. – AROLES, J. – ESTAGNASIÉ, C. (2023): Romanticisation and monetisation of the digital nomad lifestyle: The role played by online narratives in shaping professional identity work. Organization. 30(1). pp. 65–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/13505084221131638
BOZZI, N. (2020): #digitalnomads, #solotravellers, #remoteworkers: A Cultural Critique of the Traveling Entrepreneur on Instagram. Social Media and Society. 6(2). https://doi. org/10.1177/2056305120926644
CHEVTAEVA, E. – DENIZCI-GUILLET, B. (2021): Digital nomads’ lifestyles and coworkation. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 21. 100633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100633
COHEN, S. A. (2010): Re-conceptualising lifestyle travelers: contemporary ‘drifters’. In: Hannam, K. – Diekmann, A. (eds): Beyond backpacker tourism: mobilities and experiences. Channel View Publications, Bristol. pp. 64–84.
COOK, D. (2023): What is a digital nomad? Definition and taxonomy in the era of mainstream remote work. World Leisure Journal. 65(2). pp. 256–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/1607 8055.2023.2190608
CSERHÁTI I. (2020): A digitális nomádoktól a „távvállalatokig”. Köz-gazdaság. 15(2). pp. 54–59. http://doi.org/10.14267/RETP2020.02.05
D’ANDREA, A. (2006): Neo-Nomadism: A Theory of Post-Identitarian Mobility in the Global Age. Mobilities. 1(1). pp. 95–119. https://doi. org/10.1080/17450100500489148
DE ALMEIDA, M. A. – CORREIA, A. – SCHNEIDER, D. – DE SOUZA, J. M. (2021): COVID-19 as Opportunity to Test Digital Nomad Lifestyle. 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). pp. 1209–1214. https:// doi.org/10.1109/CSCWD49262.2021.9437685
DELEUZE, G. – GUATTARI, F. (2010): Nomadology: The War Machine. Wormwood Distribution, Seattle.
DREHER, A. (2003): What does conceptual research have to offer? In: Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. – Dreher, A. – Canestri, J. (eds): Pluralism and unity? Methods of research in psychoanalysis. IPA, London. pp. 109–124.
FERRISS, T. (2007): The 4-hour work week: Escape the 9-5, live anywhere and join the new rich. Crown Publishers, New York.
HALL, G. – SIGALA, M. – RENTSCHLER, R. – BOYLE, S. (2019): Motivations, Mobility and Work Practices; The Conceptual Realities of Digital Nomads. In: Pesonen, J. – Neidhardt, J. (eds): Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2019. Springer, Cham. pp. 437–449.
HAMILTON, C. (2003): Downshifting in Britain: A sea-change in the pursuit of happiness. The Australia Institute, Canberra.
HOLLERAN, M. – NOTTING, M. (2023): Mobility guilt: digital nomads and COVID-19. Tourism Geographies. 25(5). pp. 1341–1358. https://doi.or g/10.1080/14616688.2023.2217538
IRIMIÁS, A. (2023): The Youth Tourist: Motives, Experiences and Travel Behaviour. Emerald Publishing. https://doi. org/10.1108/9781804551479
IRIMIÁS A. – JÁSZBERÉNYI M. – MICHALKÓ G. (2019): Az innováció szerepe a turisztikai termékfejlesztésben. In: Irimiás A. – Jászberényi M. – Michalkó G. (szerk.): A turisztikai termékek innovatív fejlesztése. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. pp. 9–18.
JANCSIK A. – JÁSZBERÉNYI M. – KÖKÉNY L. (2019): Az utazásszervezés új dimenziói. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
JUHÁSZ-DÓRA K. (2022): A luxusszállodai miliő transzformációjának időbeli dimenziói. Turizmus Bulletin. 22(1). pp. 13–25. https://doi. org/10.14267/TURBULL.2022v22n1.2
KANNISTO, E. (2014): Global Nomads: challenges of mobility in the sedentary world. Ridderprint, Ridderkerk. KORPELA, M. (2019): Searching for a countercultural life abroad: neo-nomadism, lifestyle mobility or bohemian lifestyle migration? Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 46(15). pp. 3352–3369. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2019.1569505
KOTHARI, C. (2008): Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International, Delhi.
MAKIMOTO, T. – MANNERS, D. (1997): Digital nomad. Wiley, Chichester.
MANCINELLI, F. (2019): Digital nomads: freedom, responsibility and the neoliberal order. Information Technology & Tourism. 22(3). pp. 417– 437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-020-00174-2
MÁRTONNÉ MÁTHÉ K. – SIMONYI N. (2018): Az elvonulásturizmus keresleti és kínálati tényezői, üzleti modelljei és turisztikai potenciálja. Turizmus Bulletin. 18(4). pp. 41–50. https://doi. org/10.14267/TURBULL.2018v18n4.5
MICHALKÓ G. (2023): A turizmus esszenciája. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
MICHALKÓ G. (2007): A turizmuselmélet alapjai. Kodolányi János Főiskola, Székesfehérvár.
MISKOLCZI M. – BAUER B. – DÉRI A. – KOVÁCS T. (2021): Mobilitási szokások változásai a Covid19-világjárvány idején. Turizmus Bulletin. 21(3). pp. 24–33. https://doi.org/10.14267/ TURBULL.2021v21n3.3
MOURATO, I. – DIAS, Á. – PEREIRA, L. (2023): Estimating the Impact of Digital Nomads’ Sustainable Responsibility on Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Social Sciences. 12(2). 97. https:// doi.org/10.3390/socsci12020097
MÜLLER, A. (2016): The digital nomad: buzzword or research category? Transnational Social Review. 6(3). pp. 344–348. https://doi.org/10.10 80/21931674.2016.1229930
NASH, C. – HOSSEIN-JARRAHI, M. – SUTHERLAND, W. – PHILLIPS, G. (2018): Digital Nomads beyond the buzzword: defining digital nomadic work and use of digital technologies. In: Chowdhury, G. – McLeod, J. – Gillet, V. – Willet, P. (eds): Transforming digital worlds. Springer, Berlin. pp. 207–217.
O’REILLY, K. – BENSON, M. (2009): Lifestyle migration: escaping to the good life? In: Benson, M. – O’Reilly, K. (eds): Lifestyle migrations: expectations, aspirations and experiences. Ashgate, Surrey. pp. 1–13.
PÁLFALVI J. – JÁSZBERÉNYI M. (2006): Közlekedés a gazdaságban: Közlekedés-gazdasági aspektusok. Aula Kiadó, Budapest.
PARIS, C. M. (2012): Flashpackers: An emerging subculture? Annals of Tourism Research. 39(2). pp. 1094–1115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. annals.2011.12.001
PÉCSEK B. (2019): Nyaralás alatti munkavégzés: a workcation turizmus elméleti és gyakorlati kérdései. Turizmus Bulletin. 19(1). pp. 4–13. https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2019v19n1.1
PÉTER E. – NÉMETH K. – LELKÓNÉ TOLLÁR I. (2018): Turizmusbiztonság, mint újonnan felmerülő fogyasztói igény. Turizmus Bulletin. 18(2). pp. 30–37. https://doi.org/10.14267/ TURBULL.2018v18n2.4
PFENING Á. – JÁSZBERÉNYI M. (2023): A digitális nomádok mint alternatív turisztikai szegmens. In: Keller K. (szerk.): A turisztikai niche termékek. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634549147
POON, A. (1993): Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies. CAB, Wallingford.
PUTRA, G. B. – AGIRACHMAN, F. A. (2016): Urban coworking space: creative tourism in digital nomads perspective. In: Silver, C. – Marques, L. – Hanan, H. – Widiastuti, I. (eds): Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Arte-Polis. Springer, Bandung. pp. 169–178.
REICHENBERGER, I. (2018): Digital nomads – a quest for holistic freedom in work and leisure. Annals of Leisure Research. 21(3). pp. 364–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2017.1358098
SÁNCHEZ-VERGARA, J. I. – OREL, M. – CAPDEVILA, I. (2023): Home office is the here and now. Digital nomad visa systems and remote work-focused leisure policies. World Leisure Journal. 65(2). pp. 236–255. https://doi.or g/10.1080/16078055.2023.2165142
SCHEYVENS, R. (2002): Backpacker tourism and third world development. Annals of Tourism Research. 29(1). pp. 144–164. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00030-5
SCHLAGWEIN, D. (2018): ‚Escaping the Rat Race’: Justifications in Digital Nomadism. Twenty-Sixth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2018). Conference Paper. Portsmouth, UK. 7 p.
ŠÍMOVÁ, T. (2023): A research framework for digital nomadism: a bibliometric study. World Leisure Journal. 65(2). pp. 175–191. https://doi.or g/10.1080/16078055.2022.2134200
THOMPSON, B. Y. (2019): The digital nomad lifestyle: (remote) work/leisure balance, privilege, and constructed community. International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure. 2(1-2). pp. 27–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s41978-018-00030-y
WALLERSTEIN, R. (2009): What kind of research in psychoanalytic science? The International Journal of Psychoanalysis. 90(1). pp. 109–133. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745- 8315.2008.00107.x
WANG, B. – SCHLAGWEIN, D. – CECEZKECMANOVIC, D. – CAHALANE, M. C. (2018): Digital Work and High-Tech Wanderers: Three Theoretical Framings and a Research Agenda for Digital Nomadism. In: Australasian Conference on Information Systems (eds): Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2018. UTS ePRESS, Sydney. pp. 1–12. https://doi. org/10.5130/acis2018.bl
WOLDOFF, R. A. – LITCHFIELD, R. C. (2023): Digital Nomads: In Search of Meaningful Work in the New Economy. Oxford University Press, New York. https://doi.org/10.1093/ oso/9780190931780.001.0001
XIN, S. – TRIBE, J. – CHAMBERS, D. (2013): Conceptual research in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research. 41(1). pp. 66–88. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.12.003
Internetes források
ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) (2022): Message from Zurab Pololikashvili. https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/ Documents/EnvironmentalReports/2022/ ENVReport2022_Art85.pdf Letöltve: 2023. június 16.
JOHNS, T. – GRATTON, L. (2013): The Third Wave of Virtual Work. https://hbr.org/2013/01/the-thirdwave-of-virtual-work Letöltve: 2023. június 16.
MANSON, M. (2013): The Dark Side of the Digital Nomad. https://markmanson.net/digital-nomad Letöltve: 2023. április 1.
MBO PARTNERS (2020): COVID-19 and the Rise of the Digital Nomad. https://www.mbopartners. com/state-of-independence/2020-digital-nomadsreport/ Letöltve: 2023. június 16.
STATISTA (2022): Share of digital nomads worldwide as of March 2022, by length of stay. www.statista.com/statistics/1298880/digitalnomads-length-of-stay-worldwide/ Letöltve: 2023. június 16.
