Az adóamnesztia magatartási vonatkozásai és hatása tizenkét ország vizsgálatán keresztül
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35551/PFQ_2022_2_7Kulcsszavak:
Adóamnesztia, adófegyelem, adóelkerülés, adóigazságosság, Törökország, H26, H27, K34Absztrakt
A jelen tanulmány az adóamnesztia elméleti és empirikus kutatásáról nyújt áttekintést a vonatkozó előnyök és hátrányok mérlegelésével. Kutatásunkban arra keressük a választ, hogy az adóamnesztia közép- és hosszú távon ösztönzi-e az adózási fegyelmet az egyes tanulmányok megállapításaival összhangban, vagy igazságtalan és romboló hatása miatt inkább gátolja az adófegyelem kialakulását. Tanulmányunkban tizenkét országra vonatkozóan – elsősorban Törökországra fókuszálva – vizsgáljuk az adóamnesztia-programok adóbevétel/GDP arányra gyakorolt hatásának elérhető adatait a Giniegyüttható értékeivel együtt. A tanulmány célja az adóamnesztiával szembeni – mind az adóbevétel, mind az adóigazságosság szempontjából – kedvezőbb alternatívák azonosítása. A kutatás eredményei azt mutatják, hogy míg az adóamnesztia rövid távú bevételi hatása bizonytalan, az adóigazságosságra és jövedelemelosztásra gyakorolt negatív hatása közép- és hosszú távon szinte bizonyosnak mondható. A kutatás arra is rámutat, hogy az adóamnesztiák hátterében többnyire aligha az adóbevétel növelésének legfőbb szándéka áll.
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