Tourism-led economic transformation in developing countries: A systematic literature review

Yousra Zaid; Lóránt Dénes Dávid

doi:10.14267/TURBULL.2026v26n2.3

Szerzők

Yousra Zaid Neumann János Egyetem https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3804-2780
Lóránt Dénes Dávid Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-9860

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2026v26n2.3

Kulcsszavak:

strukturális változás, átfogó fejlődés, turizmusvezérelt gazdasági átalakulás, termelékenység növekedése, fenntartható fejlődés

Absztrakt

A turizmusvezérelt gazdasági átalakulás szerkezeti változást idéz elő a fejlődő országokban, hozzájárulva a termelékenység javulásához és a gazdasági diverzifikációhoz. A PRISMA-módszertant követő szisztematikus szakirodalmi áttekintés 28, 2010 és 2024 között megjelent, lektorált tanulmányt dolgozott fel. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a strukturális átalakulás nem önmagában a kormányzás minőségének függvénye, hanem több tényező együttes hatásaként alakul: meghatározó szerepe van az intézményi kapacitásnak, a turisztikai erőforrásoknak, az infrastrukturális ellátottságnak, valamint a helyi közösségek attitűdjeinek. Kritikus jelentőségű, hogy a tartós gazdaságszerkezeti változáshoz elengedhetetlen a turizmusból származó bevételek célzott visszaforgatása, valamint a helyi ágazatokkal való visszacsatolási kapcsolatok megerősítése. A vizsgált szakirodalom alapján három térbeli mintázat rajzolódik ki: a magas gazdasági szivárgással jellemezhető enklávégazdaságok (például Karib-szigetek); a helyi gazdaságba mélyen beágyazott, erős ágazati kapcsolatokban gazdag rendszerek (például Costa Rica és Vietnam); valamint a stagnáló modellek (például Szubszaharai Afrika), ahol a látogatószám növekedése ellenére is korlátozott marad a gazdaságszerkezeti átalakulás.

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