Prosumption: Theoretical Foundations and Research Directions From Sustainable Development Perspective

Abstract

"Prosumption", the simultaneous act of production and consumption, is increasingly prevalent across various domains of economic activity. While historically associated with traditional economies, where households or individuals produced goods for their own consumption, advancements in modern technology and institutional frameworks have expanded its applicability to a wide range of products. Examples include electricity generation at the household level (e.g., private solar panels), food production (e.g., kitchen and community gardens), and information creation (e.g., online communities). This study examines the rise of prosumption with a particular emphasis on consumer-driven activities, categorizing it into two distinct types: "enforced prosumption" and "sophisticated prosumption." The analysis highlights the potential effects of prosumption, concluding—based on existing literature—that its social and environmental impacts are predominantly positive. Additionally, the study explores its alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, identifying numerous beneficial contributions. However, to fully comprehend the scope and implications of prosumption, further empirical research remains essential.